The osteochondrated process affects any of the spine or several at once.Lombar and cervical vertebrae are more affected by pathologies, such as the most susceptible to cargo due to the anatomy of the human skeleton.
The consequences of spinal osteochondrosis in the cervical region cause the greatest inconvenience and possible complications, because the neck is an area rich in neuromusive highways, many of which directly feed the brain.
For this reason, clinical symptoms with cervical osteochondrosis are many associated with the ischemia of brain areas.In addition, nerve roots, which provide sensitivity and motor activity of the hand and waist of shoulder, when squeezing with destroyed vertebrates can give a variety of symptomatic scenes.
Below, consider the general clinic of cervical spine osteochondrosis.
Dizziness
The dizziness is also due to a violation of blood flow to the inner ear organs, which ensures body balance.Nystagmus usually joins with dizziness - arbitrary fluctuations on the ocular pupils to the sides.
Shortness of breathe
This sensation appears due to irritation of the ends of the diaphragmatic nerve.It is a component of the cervical nervous beam and is involved in the regulation of breathing, its depth and frequency.Patients complain about the inability to breathe in the full chest.
In some cases, the symptom aggravates the serious misconduct of breathing and asphyxiation.For the same reason, breathing for at night and snoring.
The disadvantage of oxygen due to breathing problems is ultimately the cause of increased fatigue, a decrease in concentration and memory problems.
Nausea
It is accompanied by shots of air.Also due to problems with blood circulation in some areas of the brain and the inner ear.Sometimes nausea is observed with indomitable vomiting caused by head and body movements.The consequence of frequent nausea and vomiting is a decrease in appetite, weight loss, food insufficiency.
Vision Problems
"Flies" in the eye, a decrease in visual acuity, fog in front of the eyes - these are all symptoms due to the ischemia of the brain area that is responsible for the vision.
Patients with osteochondrosis complain less of vision, since the lack of blood supply of vertebral vessels is compensated by the blood flow of the carbon artery system.
Glasses and therapeutic gymnastics for eye muscles do not solve the problem, usually vision improves after treatment of osteochondrosis.
An unstable level of pressure is due to the impaired blood flow in the oblong brain responsible for the functions of the center of vascular engines.
It occurs with spasm of the brain arteries due to the short -term stop of blood flow along the vertebral arteries.
From the patient's loss of the patient's consciousness, you can be quickly removed, placing it so that the legs are a little higher than the head - the blood flow to the brain allows a person to lead to life.
After a passed out attack, reversible speech problems and movements, due to a brief stop of blood flow, can be observed for some time.
Green symptoms
It can often be the only signal that indicates cervical osteochondrosis.They are expressed as a perspiration, dryness and a throat node sensation, difficulties with swallowing.Symptoms are associated with nervous plexus compression responsible for pharyngeal innervation.It is necessary to differentiate such manifestations from a similar clinic for inflammation or neoplasms.
Increased body temperature for cervical osteochondrosis is not the most typical symptom, it is rarely observed locally: in the cervical and collar area, with a slight redness of the skin.
The clinic of osteochondrosis in the cervical spine may be, firstly, varied degrees of gravity, depends on the stage of development of the pathology, also during periods of exacerbations, they are brighter and, second, to form in certain syndromes.
Stage I
The beginning of degenerative processes in the cartilage of vertebral discs.Symptoms are weak, sometimes it may not be observed.The first signs of cervical spine osteochondrosis:
- discomfort in the neck, arms, shoulders, sometimes turning into pain;
- headache;
- Easy restriction of motor activity of the neck;
- Passing rapidly by visual impairment;
- Reducing the sensitivity of the skin of the collar area.
IMPORTANT: These symptoms become more pronounced by tilting their heads.
As a rule, in the first stage of cervical osteochondrosis, patients do not go to the doctor, believing that all symptoms are associated with fatigue, stress, age, lack of sleep.
Stage II
At this stage, the protrusion of vertebrates began, the intervertebral cracks narrow, the fibrous ring fiber of the album is destroyed.There are perceptible painful symptoms of a point of point due to compression of nerve trunks, intensifying during neck movements and head curves.Here you can already suspect cervical osteochondrosis, whose symptoms in the second stage are as follows:
- Pain pronounced in the neck, sometimes with a crisis;
- The skin of the shoulders and hands loses its sensitivity almost completely;
- Headaches are frequent, they do not go through a long time;
- visual impairment with "flies" in the eyes;
- touch and noise in the ears;
- weakness of the upper extremity muscles;
- The clarity of tendon reflexes is reduced;
- Ticket pain with dedication under the shoulder blade;
- The feeling of a knot in the throat, problems with swallowing;
- Sleep disorders, usually insomnia.
Long holding the head in a position leads to intense pain.In this phase of disease development, patients are already arriving at the doctor for help.
Stage III
The fibrous ring on the disc is destroyed, hernias are formed.In the third stage, there is a deformation of the spine, displacement and dislocation of the vertebrae due to its weak fixed.The symptoms are as follows:
- Intensive and acute pain in the neck, collar zone, heart area;
- The sensitivity of the scalp on the back of the head, in the shoulder region, in the hands, to the complete absence of;
- Cervical spine hernia;
- Paresis and paralysis of the upper ends;
- The tendular reflexes are virtually not observed.
This is a severe stage of the disease where the patient is no longer able to support his head on his own.The ischemia of the spinal cord and the compression of the arteries of the spine lead to paralysis and paresis in other parts of the body and in the spine.
Non -specific and a large number of various symptoms that accompany cervical spine osteochondrosis make it difficult to diagnose and additional treatment, as some of them may be a sign of completely different diseases.Symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis are formed in certain groups called syndromes.Its presence and severity may indicate a pathology in the cervical spine with an updated location.
Clinical image of cervical spine osteochondrosis - symptoms, signs
Osteochondrosis of the cervical region is a chronic and slowly progressive spinal disease, in which vertebrae, intervertebral joints and discs are affected and destroyed.The vertebrae from the first to the seventh, which belong to the cervical region, suffer.
As the disease advances, intervertebral discs lose their elasticity and strength, they find, relax, their amortization properties worsen.This deformation occurs due to changes caused by energy disorders and tissue depletion.
These violations are one of the natural aging processes of the body, but several overloads, posture disorders, injuries, congenital spine abnormalities and other causes have caused early wear of cartilage and discs.
The pain may have a different location, they may be in the neck, the occipital region, the shoulder or the upper limb.Shoulder or hand pain appears when the spine of the nerve innervates the upper limb is involved in the process.Pain in the occipital part of the head is caused by the cramps of the neck muscles, which are linked to the occipital bone and circulatory disorders in this zone.
When symptoms occur:
- A decrease in hand sensitivity occurs when a spine is damaged, which contains sensitive nerves that innervate the skin of the upper limb.
- The restriction of movements in the cervical spine and the crisis during movements occurs due to a decrease in the height of the intervertebral disc, the appearance of bone growths in the bodies of vertebrae and damage to small joints between the cervical vertebrae.
- Dizziness, impaired coordination, weakness occurs in severe cases, with a strong deterioration in the blood supply for the occipital fraction of the brain, cerebellum and trunk.
- Language numbness, decreased hearing and vision
All of these symptoms are due to the involvement of the vertebral artery in the process, which occurs in its own channel located in the transverse processes of cervical vertebrae.As a result of the development of cervical osteochondrosis, fibrous tissue formation, vertebrae, blood flow in these arteries, which leads to a deterioration in the blood supply to the occipital fraction of the brain and cerebellum.
Reasons
- Excessive physical activity in sports or heavy physical work;
- Hereditary predisposition;
- neck hypothermia (walking in winter without a scarf);
- stress;
- work on the computer;
- obesity.
Some of the above causes cause osteochondrosis and other spine.
The degree of osteochondrosis is determined by the patient's clinical condition and complaints.The concept of degree should not be confused with the stages of osteochondrosis.The stages will be discussed below.
Considering and analyzing the procedure for the development of changes in vertebra tissues, doctors distinguished various stages of osteochondrosis from the cervical region:
- Preclinical phase.The cervical osteochondrosis of the 1st degree is expressed by the displacement of the nucleus of the pulpe on the side and the beginning of the destruction of the fibrous ring.The pain in this period may be absent, a small lordosis and difficulty in rotating or tilting the head is possible.
- The cervical region's osteochondrosis of the second degree is characterized by an increase in pathological destruction, the instability of the entire subluxis segment and a pain appears, sometimes giving in the belt or arm of the shoulder.The patient complains about distraction, a deterioration in memory and attention.
- Third degree osteochondrosis develops with a complete rupture of the fibrous ring.Neurological symptoms appear, sensitivity is disturbed.Pain in the third stage becomes constant and bothers the patient a lot.The mobility of the cervical segment worsens.
- Neck osteochondrosis 4 degrees.The final stage of the degenerative process.The intervertebral disc is completely replaced by connective tissue, all symptoms become more pronounced, a deterioration in the coordination of movement, observing ataxia.
Depending on the location of the pain, the following types of disease are distinguished: radiculoiciacemia, cervicobrachialgia, cervicocracy and cervicalgia.
According to the method, of course, the disease is habitual to divide itself into acute neck intervertebral osteochondrosis, which appears for the first time and chronic, extending for years with remissions and constant exacerbations.
Which doctor treats cervical osteochondrosis?
The variety of symptoms, often hidden under the mask of another disease, makes patients a logical issue - which doctor contact?When any pain in the neck, shoulders and hands or the occurrence of neurotic disorders, it is urgent to approach the neurologist or vertebrologist.
And for those who get in touch if there are no these specialists in the local clinic?In this case, the ticket should be postponed to the therapist.The doctor will prescribe treatment or send a narrow specialization to the doctor.
Symptoms depending on damaged vertebra
Separately, root syndromes can be distinguished, leading to one or another sensitive and motor disorders.They differ depending on what type of vertebra squeezes the spinal root:
- C1: It leads to numbness and impaired sensitivity to the back of the head;
- C2: Pain in the parietal region and in the back of the head;
- C3: speech impairment, language sensitivity, pain and decreased sensitivity on the side where the spinal nerve is violated;
- C4: Heart pain, left hypochondrium, shoulder, shoulder blade, breathing disorders, decreased tone of the neck muscles;
- C5: shoulder pain on the outside area;
- C6: The pain that gives in from the forearm to the thumb of the hand, as well as the neck in the shoulder blade;
- C7: Pain on the rear surface of the shoulder, from the neck to the shoulder blade, delivery to the forearm at 2-4 fingers of the hand;
- C8: Pain from the neck to the shoulder, from the forearm to the little finger.
Osteochondrosis diagnosis
To make a diagnosis, instrumental examination methods are used:
- Examination X -Read of the Vertebral Column Department;
- myelography;
- Neurological research of sensitivity, reflexes.
Additional methods prescribed for differentiation and clarification of diagnosis, the pathology stage includes:
- Computed tomography of the spine (CT);
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (JAMR);
- Magnetic resonance imaging (magnetic resonance imaging).
During the examination with the conduct of neurological tests, the doctor will evaluate the degree of mobility and neck pain, as well as impair blood flow in the vertebral artery.
Cervical osteochondrosis requires not only the study of the vertebrae themselves, but also nearby tissues, blood vessels, nerves.Only then can we judge the complete image of the pathological changes that occurred due to disease.
The diagnosis of cervical osteochondrosis begins with a visual examination and research of the patient.The neuropathologist is interested in the patient's living and work conditions, the presence of chronic diseases, nutrition and motor activity.
A preliminary diagnosis is confirmed by conducting instrumental research:
- X -ray in two projections;
- Magnetic resonance imaging;
- CT;
- UZDS (duplex scanning).
Hormone analysis is necessary for fairer sex.Without it, the treatment of cervical osteochondrosis in women does not start.
To exclude pathologies with these symptoms, a differential diagnosis is made with the appointment of additional consultations with a surgeon, gynecologist, cardiologist, ophthalmologist and tradition.
Osteochondrosis complications
Cervical spine osteochondrosis is dangerous with its complications.With the adverse development of the disease, squeezing the spinal artery can result in a brain blow, a persistent worsening of hearing and vision.
Often an intervertebral hernia, severe hypertension and numbness or cooling of the fingers join osteochondrosis.In women, neurological complications usually develop - constant fatigue, lethargy, loss of performance, excessive resentment.
Non -compliance with prescribed treatment, prolonged prevention of a doctor and the lack of osteochondrosis therapy contributes to the progression of the disease and causes the development of complications, pathologies and new diseases, such as:
- intervertebral disc hernia (spine hernia);
- protrusion;
- kyphosis;
- radiculitis;
- Salt deposits in the intervertebral space;
- strokes of the spinal cord;
- reduction in limb muscle mass, muscle atrophy due to harmed blood supply;
- paralysis of the lower ends.
Despite the fact that the fourth degree of osteochondrosis may occur without symptoms and pronounced pain, neglected osteochondrosis is the most dangerous for the development of serious complications and may lead to the patient's disability.
Medical Physical Education
LFK for cervical osteochondrosis should be performed outside the acute exacerbation.The greater effectiveness of this technique during the recovery period.During the implementation of the complex, there should be no discomfort and pain!
| Exercise number 1 | Lying face down, rest your hands on the floor, lift your head and trunk, your back should be straight.Stay in this position for 1-2 minutes.Sink slowly on the floor.Repeat 2-3 times. |
| Exercise number 2 | Lying face down, stretch your arms along the body, turn your head to the left, try to touch the floor with your ear and then turn your head to the right.Repeat 6-7 times in each direction. |
| Exercise number 3 | In a sitting position, lean forward and try to touch your chest with your head, then exhale, lean back and throw your head.Repeat 10-15 times. |
| Exercise number 4 | When sitting, put your palms on your forehead, press your palms on your forehead and your forehead is in the palm of your hand.Continue this exercise for 30 seconds.Repeat 2-3 times. |
| Exercise number 5 | Slowly rotate your head first in one direction and then in the other direction.10 rotations in each direction.Make sure there is no dizziness.When it appears, the exercise for. |
Risk factors
The chances of obtaining osteochondrosis increases if you have:
- abnormalities of the development of the spine;
- overweight;
- Long physical effort;
- bad habits (smoking);
- sedentary lifestyle;
- work, which implies the regular impact of spine vibration (for example, with vehicle drivers);
- Long stress, excessive nerve tension;
- local hypothermia;
- Anterior lesions in the neck and NAPE;
- Autoimmune pathologies that implied the degeneration of the cartilage.
Psychosomatic
The development of cervical osteochondrosis indicates the inability to support competence problems.Sometimes people become so strong and confident in their skills that their stability before adversity is transformed into stiffness and lack of flexibility.In this case, attempts to turn their heads are accompanied by rigidity, seizures and other unpleasant sensations.
In addition, osteochondrosis can develop in people who are afraid of problems and do not know how to deal with them.In this case, the protective reflex of the mammalian is triggered and the head is literally attracted to the shoulders.This provision is considered unnatural;Therefore, after some time, the muscles of the cervical region begin to harm and deform.
Treatment
The treatment of cervical osteochondrosis depends on the stage of the disease.If, at the first stage, there is a sufficiently conservative and wandering treatment, then, in the second and third stages, the doctor's task is first and foremost to interrupt pain syndrome.Enhanced cases may require surgical treatment for decompression and vertebrae stabilization.
Drug
| Group | Description |
| NSAIDS (Anti -Inflammatories non -esteroids) | Help remove swelling and pain.The basis of the most commonly used drugs is acting components such as sodium diclofenac. |
| Vasodilate | Contribute to improving blood circulation. |
| Sedatives, muscle relaxants | They are prescribed additionally to facilitate the patient's overall condition and reduce NSA doses.At the same time a nerve overload and muscle cramps, help you get a better therapeutic effect. |
At the end of the therapy course, NSAIDs should be purchased for a first home recording kit because neck pain can be returned periodically (with stress, overload, climate change).Before taking drugs, consult your doctor.
If a positive effect is not observed after conservative treatment of conservative treatment, the doctor may recommend the spinal patient from Fussia.
This procedure allows you to immobilize the affected spinal segment.
Its essence is to remove the intervertebral disc, nerve root decompression, implant installation or the creation of the physiological height of the disc space.
The operation has many side effects and against -indications.Therefore, it can cause vertebral disability.This is why surgery is performed in extreme cases.
Cervical osteochondrosis massage allows for remarkable improvements.It is important that the procedure is performed by a professional: inept movements in the area of the cervical spine can aggravate the situation.The movements should affect the collar zone, the cervical region and part of the back.
Pay attention to the technique of performing exercises for the treatment of cervical osteochondrosing for osteochondrosis, implies the alternation of the following actions.
- Caressing.The masseuse affects the layers of the surface of the skin, moving from the head to the upper third of the middle of the back.At the same time, the palms or fingertips work.
- Squeezing.The deep layers of the skin located in the upper third of the back are exposed.In this case, the index and thumb of the hands around the neck are performed to catch the skin.Tissues adjacent to vertebrae are not involved in this process.
- Crushing.It is performed to heat the skin, increase blood flow in the collar area.The procedure should be performed very carefully.It is prohibited to influence the spinous processes of the vertebrae.Sometimes scrubbing is replaced by traces or circular movements similar to sawing.
- Knead.It affects deeply lia tissues, therefore, has a limited value.It can aggravate the pathology.
During massage, the patient should be lying in a stomach, in extreme cases, sitting.
Prevention
For disease prevention, it is recommended:
- For the health of the spine, it is important that the pillow goes to sleep on a pillow and orthopedic mattress;
- Take a hot shower daily for 10 minutes;
- Visit a bathroom or sauna (relieves neck muscles cramps);
- Avoid slope and sharp twists of the head;
- Walk more on foot, do yoga and swim;
- With the work "sitting", take a five -minute breaks every hour (you need to walk during breaks, inclinations with a body and head in different directions);
- Avoid increasing load in the spine: classes with weights, jumps, running;
- Choose chairs and chairs supporting the spine;
- abandon addictions such as smoking, alcohol abuse;
- Drink at least one and a half liters of water a day.
Eating with cervical osteochondrosis is frequently recommended (at least five times a day) and in small portions.Preference should be given to steam cooked or cooked dishes.Salads need to be seasoned with olive oil.